Your Endocrine Rank-Booster Day
Hey, future Nursing Officers! Day 180 at logyanlo.in is the ultimate Endocrine System masterclass for NORCET, RRB, AIIMS, JIPMER, SGPGI & DSSSB 2025. We are covering the 7 most repeated topics: Graves’ Ophthalmopathy, Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA), Diabetes Insipidus, Hypoparathyroidism, Hyperparathyroidism & Simmonds’ Disease. These appear in every shift – master them today and secure 12–15 marks straight! Let’s crush 2025 with our Nursing Test Series!
Why Endocrine Nursing Is a Rank Decider
Endocrine = guaranteed high weightage:
- 10–15% questions in every nursing officer exam
- DKA & Diabetes Insipidus are favourite emergency scenarios
- Graves’ eye signs & parathyroid disorders are repeated image-based questions
- Simmonds’ disease & hypoparathyroidism are direct 1-mark questions every year
logyanlo.in gives you only the repeated, rank-making points!
Key Topics in Endocrine Nursing
Graves’ Ophthalmopathy (Thyroid Eye Disease)
Quick Fact
Graves’ ophthalmopathy occurs in 25–50 % of Graves’ disease patients.
Complete Coverage
- Pathophysiology: Autoimmune inflammation of orbital tissues (TSH-receptor antibodies).
- Clinical Signs: Proptosis, lid lag, lid retraction, conjunctival chemosis, diplopia, optic neuropathy (severe).
- NO SPECS Classification: Class IV (proptosis) & VI (sight loss) most tested.
- Diagnostics: CT/MRI orbit – extraocular muscle enlargement (spares tendons).
- Complications: Exposure keratopathy, compressive optic neuropathy.
- Exam Pearl: Lid lag + stare + proptosis = classic triad.
Diabetes Mellitus
Quick Fact
Diagnostic criteria: Random ≥200 mg/dL + symptoms OR Fasting ≥126 mg/dL OR HbA1c ≥6.5 %.
Complete Coverage
- Types: Type 1 (absolute insulin deficiency), Type 2 (insulin resistance).
- Chronic Complications: Retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, macrovascular (CAD, stroke).
- Monitoring: HbA1c every 3 months (target <7 %), annual eye & foot exam.
- Sick Day Rules: Never stop insulin, frequent glucose monitoring, hydration.
- Exam Favourite: HbA1c reflects average glucose over last 2–3 months.
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
Quick Fact
DKA triad: Hyperglycaemia (>250 mg/dL), ketonaemia, metabolic acidosis (pH <7.3).
Complete Coverage
- Clinical Signs: Kussmaul breathing, fruity odour, dehydration, altered sensorium.
- Labs: Serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L, anion gap >12, positive serum/urine ketones.
- Precipitating Factors: Infection, insulin omission, new-onset DM.
- Treatment Priority: IV fluids → insulin → potassium replacement → treat cause.
- Exam Pearl: First hour – 1–1.5 L normal saline (aggressive rehydration).
Diabetes Insipidus (DI)
Quick Fact
DI is characterised by polyuria (>3 L/day) with low urine osmolality (<300 mOsm/kg).
Complete Coverage
- Types: Central (ADH deficiency), Nephrogenic (ADH resistance).
- Water Deprivation Test: Urine remains dilute in DI, concentrates in primary polydipsia.
- Desmopressin Test: Urine concentrates in central DI only.
- Labs: Hypernatremia, high serum osmolality, low urine specific gravity.
- Exam Tip: Desmopressin response differentiates central vs nephrogenic DI.
Hypoparathyroidism
Quick Fact
Hypoparathyroidism causes hypocalcaemia + hyperphosphataemia.
Complete Coverage
- Causes: Post-surgical (thyroidectomy), autoimmune, DiGeorge syndrome.
- Clinical Signs: Chvostek sign, Trousseau sign, tetany, cataracts, basal ganglia calcification.
- Labs: Low PTH, low calcium, high phosphate, normal/low magnesium.
- ECG: Prolonged QT interval.
- Exam Classic: Positive Chvostek/Trousseau + low calcium = hypoparathyroidism.
Hyperparathyroidism
Quick Fact
Primary hyperparathyroidism → hypercalcaemia + high PTH (90 % solitary adenoma).
Complete Coverage
- Clinical Signs: Bones (pain), stones (renal calculi), groans (constipation), moans (psychiatric).
- Labs: High calcium, high PTH, low phosphate, high urine calcium.
- Complications: Osteitis fibrosa cystica, nephrocalcinosis, pancreatitis.
- Exam Pearl: Most common cause = solitary parathyroid adenoma.
Simmonds’ Disease (Panhypopituitarism)
Quick Fact
Simmonds’ disease is total anterior pituitary failure (commonly post-partum haemorrhage – Sheehan syndrome).
Complete Coverage
- Clinical Signs: Failure to lactate, amenorrhoea, hypothyroidism, adrenal insufficiency, hypogonadism.
- Labs: Low TSH, low ACTH, low FSH/LH, low GH, low prolactin.
- MRI: Empty sella or infarcted pituitary.
- Exam Favourite: Post-partum woman + failure to lactate + hypotension = Sheehan syndrome.
Mini FAQ: Endocrine 2025 Hacks
Q: Classic triad of Graves’ ophthalmopathy?
A: Proptosis + lid lag + lid retraction
Q: First management in DKA?
A: Aggressive IV normal saline
Q: Drug that differentiates central vs nephrogenic DI?
A: Desmopressin
Q: Most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism?
A: Solitary parathyroid adenoma
Q: Post-partum failure to lactate + amenorrhoea + hypotension?
A: Sheehan syndrome (Simmonds’ disease)
Why logyanlo.in?
Your 2025 rank partner with:
- Free daily PYQ-based notes
- Image-based quizzes
- Previous year repeated questions
- Active Telegram community
Join today & secure your government nursing job!
Conclusion: Your Endocrine Marks Are Locked!
Day 180 just handed you the complete endocrine package – from DKA fluids to Sheehan syndrome! Keep practising daily on our Daily Question Bank and watch your name in the final merit list!
Call to Action
Share this post with your batchmates & Telegram groups – let’s make 2025 the year of top rankers!
0 Comments